Internal-combustion engine



S. B. HAESSLY. INTERNAL COMBUSTION IENGINE, APPLICATION FILED APR.21.1916.

1,327,384. Patented Jan. 6,1920.

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STEPHEN B. HAESSLY, OF FARIBAULT, MINNESOTA.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 6, 1920.

Application led April 21, 1916. Serial No. 92,623.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, Sramanav B. HAEssLY, citizen of the United States, resident of Faribault, county of Rice, State of Minne- Sota, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to provide means whereby the heat in the engine cylinder resulting from the explosion of the gases therein may be utilized for vaporizing the fuel during its passage to the cylinder, and thereby the engine adapted for using a comparatively heavy oil, such as kerosene, as a fuel.

A further object is to provide a means for vaporizing the fuel'w-hen the engine is cold.

The invention consists generally in various constructions and combinations, all as hereinafter described and particularly pointed out in the claim.

In the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification,

F'gure 1 is a plan sectional view of a gas engine cylinder with my invention apphed thereto,

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the same,

In the drawing, 2 represents an engine cylinder having the usual iacket 3, piston 4 and connecting rod 5.

spring 10 for normally holding the Valve in its closed position, the Valve being mounted to open automatically on the suction stroke of the piston to draw the gas into the explosion chambeyior its valve may be positively operated by the well-known mechanism .employed for this purpose.

11 is a gas intake communicating with a passage 12 which extends around the valve 8 and has a port 13 leading to the valve. The intake 11 communicates with the carbureter and the supply of fuel and the kerosene mixture entering the passage 12 and contacting with the heated walls thereof will be vaporized and heated to. a high degree and when discharged through the port 18 and the valve into the cylinder, will be at the desired temperature and state of vavporization for producing great eiiciency in the operation of the engine. In other words, the heat of the engine is utilized for vaporlzlng the fuel and increasing the efficiency The head 6 of the cylinder is provided with a port 7 and a valve 8, having a stem 9 provided with a of the charge. This passage in the cylinder head may be varied in length and in cross sectional area according tothe size of the cylinder and the charge of gas to. be delivered. In this way I am able to use a heavy oil, such las kerosene, for fuel with good results.

The air, with the kerosene held in suspension, will enter the passage in the head and will flow in opposite directions therein, and be retarded by the mixing of the oppositely flowing currents, and the kerosene contacting with the heated walls of the passage will be vaporized and this vaporization will be continuous and the mixture made more complete when the currents of air meet in the passage at the point where they flow through the valve to the engine cylinder.

I have found by actual test that kerosene can be vaporizedand successfully used in an internal combustion engine by passing it through the duct in the heated head of the cylinder before delivery to the combustion chamber. The air, of course, entering this passage will be carbureted. but the oil will not become vaporized untily heated and as soon as the cylinder has become hot, the y duct in the head will radiate sufficient heat to vaporize the kerosene without the assistance of any outside agency.

In starting the engine when the cylinder is cold, I prefer to provide a plate 14, preferably of copper, mounted on legs 14 by means of screws 15,.- A plug 16 is mounted in the cylinder head and insulated therefrom and has a terminal 17 for connection to an electric current and to the plate 14 so that when a current from some suitable source is passed through the terminal 17 the legs will offer suiiicient resistance to the flow of the current to the heat to cause the soft copper plate to become heated, and this plate is located in the path of the carbureted air entering through the valve 8. When the globules of oil held in suspension by this air contact with this hot plate, they will become vaporized and will form a gas charge to be ignited in the cylinder. As soon as the walls of the duct become heated suiiiciently to va\ 1,05

in rst starting it and after it has been used for a time and the Walls of the cylinder become heated. When the Walls of the cylinder and the plate become heated, the current may be cut oit from the plate and during the operation of the engine the vapor entering the combustion chamber will contact with the plate and be more thoroughly vaporized before ignition.

l provide an exhaust passage 18 communieating with the cylinder 'and with thevalve 19 through which the burned gases are discharged on the scavenging stroke of the piston.' rlhe water circulation for the cylinder is preferably arranged so that it does not pass through the cavity in the head adjacent to the Walls of the vaporizing duct, as this circulation Wouldhave a tendency to reduce the temperature of these walls and this, of course, is to he avoided.

lin various Ways the detailsof construction Lacasse herein shown and described may be modiied and still be Within the 'scope of my invention.

l claim. as my invention:

Jilin internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder having its head provided with a gas intake port and a centrally `incantad valve therefor, said head having a vaporizing duct formed in its Walls extending' entirely around said valve and said duct having a port communicating through said valve with the combustion chamber,

- and duct on the other side of said valve for 

